Machine for spinning or doubling yarns and threads



March 2 1926. 1,574,877

F. FERRAND MACHINE FOR SPINNING 0R DOUBLING YARNS AND THREADS Filed Dec.9, 1922 2 Sheets-Shee t l March 2 1926.

MACHINE'FOR SPINNING 0R DOUBLING YARNS AND THREADS Filed Dec. 9, 1922 2Sheets-Sheet 2 F. FERRAND Patented Mar. 2, 1925.

UNITED STATES FRED FERRAND, OF SOUTHPORT, ENGLAND.

MACHINE FOR SPINNING OR DOUBLING YARNS AND THREADS.

Application filed December 9, 1922.

To all whom it may co-ncem:

Be it known that I, Fnno FERRAND, a subject of the King of Great Britainand he land, and a resident of Southport, in the county of Lancaster,England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machinesfor Spinning or Doubling Yarns and Threads, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention has reference to machines for spinning or doubling yarnsand threads, and to machines wherein the yarn or thread is spun ordoubled and wound on a spindle by the rotation of a positively-drivenring surrounding the spindle, which latter is rotated by the pull of theyarn or thread and is given a reciprocal travel to build up the wound y.rn. or thread into a cop or bobbin.

In machines of the kind referred to, it has already been proposed toautomatically control the speed of the spindle by means of balls actingcentrifugally in conjunction with discs mounted or fixed on the spindlesand with surrounding stationary sleeves, and by means of pressuredevices acting upon said balls. In operation, the balls acted aloneduring the formation of the bottom end of the cop, and as the latter wasen larged the pressure devices came gradually and successively intoaction upon the balls which were loosely mounted upon the discs.

The main object of this invention is to provide improvements in spindlecontrol mechanism whereby the speed of the spindle can be automaticallycontrolled entirely by the centrifugal action of balls from thecommencement of the formation of the bottom of the cop or the like tothe completion of the finished cop or the like.

According to this invention, the balls are so mounted on or in a disc orthe like on the spindle that while they co-act under centrifugal forcewith a stationary part surrounding the spindle, they are constrained tomove only in radial paths relatively to the disc or the like and arecompelled to rotate therewith about the axis of the spindle.

In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 illustrates in vertical section oneen'ibodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a plan on the line 22 in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is an elevation at right angles to Fig. 1; and

Fig. 4t illustrates in vertical section a further embodiment of theinvention.

Serial No. 605,814.

Referring first to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, 6 is a ring mounted in ballbearings in a fixed rail 7 and through which extends the spindle 8 whichis rotatably mounted in a copping rail 9. The ring 6 has an unobstructedinternal diameter suliicient to allow thecop 10 which is built up on thespindle, to pass through The ring 6 is mounted in the fixed rail 7 so asto extend both above and below the same, as shown. Above the rail, theupper end 6 of the ring is of conical formation and is formed withdiametrically opposite lugs 11 provided with eyes 11 for leading theyarn to the spindle 8 and into which the yarn is passed by slits 11".Below the rail 7 the lower end of the ring is provided with a whorl 12whereby the ring is driven from a pin roller as in an ordinary ringframe.

The copping rail 9 is given a vertical reciprocation and progressivedescent by means of mechanism similar to that employed for operating thering. rail of an ordinary ring frame.

The spindle 8 is mounted in a bracket 13 secured to the copping rail 9and provided with a foctstep 14- for the lower end of the spindle andwith a cap 15 which is formed with a sleeve 15 for the support of thespindle which passes thcrethrough. At the level of the upper part 16 ofthe bracket 13 the spindle has formed or mounted on it a disc 17 whereinis formed a plurality of equally spaced radial recesses 18 for thereception of steel balls 19. The recesses 18 preferably inclineoutwards, to a slight extent so that the balls 19 when inserted thereinroll'tow a rds the spindle.

In operation the yarn is passed into one or other of the eyes 11accordingly as twistway or weft-way yarn and cops are to be produced andth direction of rotation of the ring 6. The yarn is spun and wound onthe spindle 8 by the positive rotation of the ring 6 and the cop 10 isbuilt up by the vertical reciprojation and progressive descent of thecopping rail 9 and spindle 8, which latter is rotated by the pull of theyarn.

As the spindle 8 is rotated by the drag of the yarn the balls 19 in therecesses 18 are thrown outwards by centrifugal force and bear againstthe inner surface of the upper part 16 of the bracket 18 and impose onthe spindle a retardation dependent upon the speed of the spindle whichvaries accordingly as the yarn is wound upon the tapered nose of thecop. The balls 18 thus control the speed of the spindle and prevent sameover-running as the yarn or thread passes from the base of the nose ofthe c'op'to the tip thereof. M p g The number of the balls 18 and theweight thereof may be varied according to the counts of the yarn orthread.

For further adapting the spindle for varying counts of yarn or threadthe spindle may be weighted by balls 20 which may conveniently be placedin recesses 21 formed in th'eupper face of the disc 17 and of suiiicient depth to prevent the balls from being thrown outwards bycentrifugal force. The number and weight of those balls may also bevaried as found necessary.

In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Fig. i the spindle 8has mounted 011 it at the lower part of its taper a dished or concaveddisc 22. The disc 22 has formed in it any appropriate number of radialgrooves 28 in which, orin some of which, the balls 19 are arranged. Inconjunction with the disc 22 is provided a surrounding stationary casing26 furnished with an internal circumferential groove 27. In operationthe balls 19 travel up the radial grooves 28 under the action ofcentrifugal force and enter the circumferential groove 27 in the casing26 and press against the casing according to the speed of the spindlewhile they are carried round by the disc 22, the pressure of the ballsagainst the casing imposing a corresponding retardation upon thespindle.

Above the casing 26 I arrange. a cover 29 through which the spindle 8passes and which may rest on the casing and. be provided with a bearing80 for the spindle.

The lower en'd of the stationary casing 26 is mounted on or in thecopping rail 9 and is provided with a footstep bearing 31 for the lowerend of the spindle. Below the concaved disc 22 'I mount on the spindle asecond concaved disc 32 which may be stationary or may rotate with thespindle and on which I may place one or more balls newest? 20 of varyingweights to adjustably weight the spindle to adapt it to the spinning ordoubling of yarns or threads of varying counts. The concavity of thisdisc 32 is such that at all times the ball or balls 20 is or are inContact with the spindle.

7 Instead of the copping rail 9 and spindle 8 being given a progressivedescent, they may be given a progressive ascent, in which case the copwill be built up on the spindle downwards instead of upwards.

The improved spindle control means described are equally applicable foruse in the doubling of spun yarns or threads and in the combinedoperations of spinning and doubling, as in spinning alone.

I claim:

1. In machines for spinning or doubling yarns and threads, a spindle, amember carried by and'rotating with the spindle and having radialguides, balls running in said guides in a radial direction undercentrifugal force, and a relatively stationary ele ment surrounding themember and with which the balls engage to frictionally retard therotation of the spindle.

2. The machine substantially as set forth in claim 1 in which the guidesof said member are inclined downwardly toward the spindle so as to causethe balls to travel toward the spindle and away. from the relativelystationary element when the speed of rotation of the spindle falls belowa certain rate.

3. The machine substantially as set forth in claim 1 in which the guidesare formed by grooves in the upper face of the said member.

4. The machine substantially as set forth in claim 1 in which the guidesare formed by grooves in the upper face of the said member, said groovesbeing inclined clownwardly toward the spindle so as to cause the ballsto travel toward the spindle and away from the relatively stationaryelement when the speed of rotation of the spindle falls below a certainrate.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

F RED FERRARI).

